Largest Gold Reserves by Country

An interesting slideshow on CNBC.com listing the largest gold reserves by country (or institution). What makes this list even more interesting is aside from the raw value of gold, we also can see how prominent gold is as a % of total foreign reserves. This can show not only the discrepancy amongst countries, but if central banks decide to further diversify into gold - how much potential demand there could be to move from say a mid single digit % of the yellow metal, to something in say the 20-30% range.

What is striking is how large a proportion of European countries foreign reserves are in gold (Portugal!), whereas Asians have yet to really make their mark. There was a huge fuss earlier this year when China revealed it had been buying quietly in the background to move up this list, but as a % of reserves the amount is still tiny. [Apr 25, 2009: China has Begun Building Gold Reserves] Unfortunately for China it is very hard for them to make good size acquisitions without alerting the entire world, since their footprint is so massive.

I've compiled the data in chart form below but first two notes

#1 Of course America does not believe in foreign reserves - so the last column is a big fat "Not Applicable". Far better to spend over your means indefinitely than to have national savings; let the rest of the world save for us.... we excel at the spending part.

#2 The SPDR Gold ETF (GLD) has now grown to such a size that if it were a stand alone country it would now be the 6th largest holder of gold in the world. That's remarkable. Even more remarkable, 1 man - hedge fund manager John Paulson - owns nearly 10% of this gold ETF. [May 16, 2009: John Paulson Continues to Pile into SPDR Gold (GLD)] By the transitive theory this would make John Paulson, if he was a stand alone country, somewhere in the 16- 20th largest holder of gold.

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Top 15 $ Value of % of Country Reserves Reserves United States $298.4 N/A Germany $125.0 69.2% International Monetary Fund $118.0 N/A Italy $89.9 66.6% France $89.7 70.6% China $38.7 1.9% Switzerland $38.2 29.1% Japan $28.1 2.3% Netherlands $22.5 59.6% Russia $20.9 4.3% European Central Bank $18.4 18.8% Taiwan $15.5 3.9% Portugal $14.0 90.9% India $13.1 4.0% Venezuela $13.1 36.1%