Ethereum's spot (CRYPTO: ETH) ETFs, which began trading July 23, 2024, have drawn significant institutional capital and opened a new avenue of regulated exposure to ETH. By Q3 2025, combined inflows to Ethereum investment products ran into the billions, and investors now face a choice: passive price exposure via ETFs, or active participation in the high-throughput Layer-2 networks that run most on-chain activity today.
Ethereum ETFs Bring Legitimacy and Momentum
Much like Bitcoin's (CRYPTO: BTC) ETF launch earlier this year, the products attracted significant inflows and signalled a shift towards institutional acceptance. However, Ethereum is not just a store of value; it's a programmable network with an entire ecosystem of decentralised applications.
The distinction means that the effects of the ETF extend far beyond price. Institutional confidence in Ethereum as an asset may naturally spill over into confidence in its infrastructures especially the L2 networks that make the blockchain cheaper and faster to use.
According to CoinShares, Ethereum investment products recorded $646 million in inflows, accounting for nearly 20% of total digital asset investments that week. This sustained trend throughout Q3 underscores institutional confidence in Ethereum following its ETF approval. But while ETF exposure gives investors price exposure, the real yield and innovation are happening across Arbitrum (CRYPTO: ARB), Optimism (CRYPTO: OP) and Base.
Layer-2s: Scaling Ethereum for Big Money
Post-ETF, Ethereum's mainnet cannot handle the load alone. According to L2BEAT's Total Value Secured (TVS) dashboard, Layer-2 networks have become the main settlement layer for high-volume Ethereum activity. As of the latest snapshot, total value secured (TVS) across L2s stands in the tens of billions, with Arbitrum ($19.1B), Base ($14.5B), and Optimism ($3.1B) leading the ecosystem with Arbitrum holding the largest share of L2 value secured. Protocol upgrades such as EIP-4844 (part of the Dencun upgrade) have materially reduced rollup call data costs and lowered transaction fees for rollups.
According to VanEck's report "Ethereum Layer-2s Valuation Prediction by 2030", the firm posits a base-case scenario where Ethereum's Layer-2 networks could collectively reach a $1 trillion valuation by 2030
Why Institutions are Betting on Layer-2s Over Mainnet
L2s address Ethereum's trilemma: scalability, security, and decentralization without compromising the mainnets $30 billion+ estimated annualised security budget. Per Messari's State of Ethereum (Q2 2025), approximately 35.7 million ETH or 29.6% of the circulating supply was staked, representing a total value of approximately $89.25 billion. Meanwhile, data from L2BEAT and DeFiLlama show total DeFi TVL hovering near $97 billion in August 2025, with Layer-2s capturing over 70% of that liquidity, underscoring the continued migration from Ethereum mainnet to scalable rollups.
Regulatory tailwinds amplify this: SEC approvals for staking in ETFs and MiCA in the EU enable seamless institutional entry. Unlike fragmented alt-L1s, L2s inherit Ethereum's liquidity and developer ecosystem, reducing risks while offering programmable privacy for sensitive trades. Analyst forecasts vary for instance, Tom Lee of Fundstrat has suggested a bullish range toward $15,000 for ETH in public commentary, while Citigroup recently set a year-end target of $4,300 (later adjusted to $4,500) based on ETF flows and network demand.
Conclusion: From HODLing to Operating
The Ethereum ETF's success signals the institutional acceptance of ETH as an investment asset. However, the subsequent move toward Layer-2s is a greater inflection point: it marks a shift from passive holding to active operation within the decentralized ecosystem.
Institutions are not merely spectators; they are building financial rails where their activities are fastest and cheapest. With ongoing Ethereum protocol upgrades like the Dencun hardfork which lowered L2 settlement costs—continuing to make these scaling solutions even more effective, the Layer-2 playground is set to become the epicenter of institutional decentralized finance.
Benzinga Disclaimer: This article is from an unpaid external contributor. It does not represent Benzinga’s reporting and has not been edited for content or accuracy.
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