Supply chain issues created during the global coronavirus pandemic cost automakers billions of dollars in 2021 and prompted some companies to build domestic manufacturing facilities to solve the problem.
"Never seen anything like it," Tesla CEO Elon Musk posted on the platform now known as X. "Fear of running out [of computer chips] is causing every company to overorder — like the toilet paper shortage but at epic scale."
Tesla depends on Taiwan Semiconductor to produce its processors, but it's far from the only U.S. company that relies on overseas manufacturing for the technology. Tech firms like Apple Inc., Amazon.com Inc. and Google get 90% of their chips from Taiwanese contract manufacturers, according to CLSA investment analyst Sebastian Hou.
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"It's going to be a challenging and long journey for them to diversify away and thinking about how long it takes for the chip development and cooperation — it's going to take a while," he said on CNBC's "Street Signs Asia."
The U.S. once dominated the semiconductor industry with a 37% global market share in 1990, a figure that declined to 10% in 2022. Supply chain issues during the pandemic highlighted the need for domestic production of semiconductors for national security purposes, according to a report by Savills Research & Data Services.
Recognizing that need, Congress passed the CHIPS and Science Act, enacted in 2022, to provide funding to boost research and manufacturing of semiconductors in the U.S.
In the U.S., about 94.9 million square feet of commercial real estate is dedicated to the chip industry, supporting functions ranging from design and fabrication to research and development (R&D). An additional 200 million square feet of space will be needed if the U.S. wants to increase its global market share of production from 10% to 20%, according to the Savills report.
New Industrial Locations
| Company | State | Investment | Jobs | Square feet | Year open |
| Micron | New York | $20 billion | 9,000 | 2.4 million | 2030 |
| Micron | Idaho | $15 billion | 2,000 | 6.5 million | 2029 |
| Texas Instruments | Texas | $30 billion | 3,000 | 4.7 million | 2025 |
| Intel | Ohio | $20 billion | 3,000 | 2.5 million | 2025 |
| TSMC | Arizona | $40 billion | 4,500 | 750,000 | 2024 |
Source: Savills Research & Data Services
Silicon Valley in California is considered the hub of the industry, but the recent development of semiconductor facilities is gravitating toward states like Texas and Arizona as companies seek skilled labor, university R&D partnerships and a more reasonable cost of doing business.
More than $223 billion of U.S. semiconductor projects are underway, announced or under consideration, according to McKinsey & Co.
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